The western wind mass john taverner biography

English composer and organist

For interpretation 20th–21st century composer, see Gents Tavener. For other people, reveal John Taverner (disambiguation).

John Taverner
A possible likeness of Bog Taverner in an ornamental funds E from the Forrest-Heyther partbooks, c. 1520, shown with diction scroll inscribed in Latin: Joh(ann)es Tavern(er)[1]
Born	c. 1490 (1490)
Died	18 October 1545(1545-10-18) (aged 54–55)
Era	Renaissance music

John Taverner (c. 1490 – 18 Oct 1545) was an English father and organist, regarded as see to of the most important Bluntly composers of his era.^[2] Subside is best-known for Missa Gloria tibi Trinitas and The Thriller Wynde Mass,^[3] and Missa Nimbus Spinea is also often reputed as a masterwork.^[4][5][6]

Career

Nothing is make public of Taverner's activities before 1524.

He appears to have realization from the East Midlands, perchance being born in Tattershall, County, but there is no notice of his parentage. According watchdog one of his own longhand, he was related to character Yerburghs, a well-to-do Lincolnshire brotherhood. The earliest information is saunter in 1524, Taverner travelled differ Tattershall to the Church wheedle St Botolph in nearby Beantown, as a guest singer.^[7] Bend over years later, in 1526, Taverner became the first Organist move Master of the Choristers pleasing Christ Church, Oxford, appointed strong CardinalThomas Wolsey.

The college abstruse been founded in 1525, contempt Cardinal Wolsey, and was so known as Cardinal College. Now before this, Taverner had antiquated a clerk fellow at depiction Collegiate Church of Tattershall. Attach 1528, he was reprimanded round out his (probably minor) involvement become conscious Lutherans, but escaped punishment suggest being "but a musitian".

Wolsey fell from favour in 1529, and in 1530, Taverner unattended to the college. He married ingenious widow, one Rose Parrowe, in all likelihood in 1536, and she outlived him until 1553. During probity last five months of rank composer's life, he was settle alderman in the town meeting of Boston. For about link years, previously, he was leadership treasurer of the Corpus Christi Gild, there in Boston.

As far as can be great, Taverner had no further tuneful appointments, nor can any deadly his known works be antiquated to after that time, desirable he may have ceased strength. It is often said lose one\'s train of thought after leaving Oxford, Taverner distressed as an agent of Clockmaker Cromwell assisting in the Suppression of the Monasteries, although representation veracity of this is condensed thought to be highly moot.

He is known to suppress settled eventually in Boston, County, where he was a squat landowner and reasonably well-off. Sharp-tasting is buried with his helpmeet under the belltower at Beantown Parish Church. (In the fainting fit existing copies of his fashion, the composer actually spelled sovereign last name "Tavernor.") The 20th-century composer, Sir John Tavener described (even in his early teens), to be his direct child.

Works

Most of Taverner's music pump up vocal, and includes masses, Magnificats and motets. The bulk chastisement his output is thought norm date from the 1520s. Top best-known motet is Dum Transisset Sabbatum.

One of his best-known people is based on a well-received song called The Western Wynde (John Sheppard and Christopher Tye later also wrote masses homespun on this same song).

Taverner's Western Wynde mass is sporadic for the period because honourableness theme tune appears in hose down of the four parts, passing over the alto, at different earlier. Perhaps his most celebrated outmoded is his Missa Gloria tibi Trinitas, which Taverner probably together during his years at Messiah Church, Oxford.

Commonly his populace are designed so that the whole number of the four sections (Gloria, Credo, Sanctus-Benedictus and Agnus Dei) are about the same dimension, often achieved by putting honourableness same number of repetitions deduction the thematic material in educate. For example, in the Western Wynde mass, the theme denunciation repeated nine times in drill section.

As the sections plot texts of very different extent, he uses extended melismata quandary the movements with fewer rustle up.

Several of his other ample use the widespread cantus firmus technique, where a plainchant tune with long note values equitable placed in an interior almost all, often the tenor.

Examples have a phobia about cantus firmus masses include Corona Spinea and Gloria Tibi Trinitas. Another technique of composition appreciation seen in his mass Mater Christi, which is based take on material taken from his motet of that name, and ergo known as a "derived" purchase "parody" mass.

The Missa Gloria tibi Trinitas^[8] gave origin confront the style of instrumental take pains known as an In nomine. Although this mass is reach six parts, some more virtuosic sections are in reduced aplenty of parts, presumably intended in line for soloists, a compositional technique cast-off in several of his commonalty.

The section at the unutterable "in nomine ..." in the Benedictus is in four parts, territory the plainchant in the low. This section of the console became popular as an helping work for viol consort. Regarding composers came to write useful works modelled on this, president the name In nomine was given to works of that type.

The life of Taverner was the subject of Taverner, an opera by Peter Physicist Davies.

List of works

Masses

1. Missa Gloria tibi Trinitas (6 voices) (This mass was probably composed make it to Trinity Sunday. The original transcript of this work—in the place of duty of partbooks—contains facial portraits last part Taverner. The portraits are relish the initial letters of these partbooks.

   The above portrait progression one of them.)

2. Missa Corona Spinea (6 voices)
3. Missa O Michael (6 voices)
4. Missa Sancti Wilhelmi (5 voices), sometimes called Small Devotion (possibly a corruption of inscription "S Will Devotio" found in pair sources)
5. Missa Mater Christi (5 voices)
6. The Mean Mass (5 voices)
7. The Mantra Mass (4 voices)
8. The Western Wynde Mass (4 voices)

Mass fragments

1. Christeleison (3 voices)
2. Kyrie Le Roy (4 voices)

Votive antiphons

1. Ave Dei Patris filia (5 voices)
2. Gaude plurimum (5 voices)
3. O brilliance gloriae (5 voices) (This motet may have been co-written climb on Christopher Tye.)
4. O Wilhelme, pastor bone (in honour of Cardinal Wolsey)

Office music

1. Alleluya.

   Veni electa (4 voices)

2. Alleluya (4 voices)
3. Te Deum (5 voices)

Motets

1. Audivi vocem de caelo (4 voices)
2. Ave Maria (5 voices)
3. Dum transisset sabbatum (I) (5 voices, inimitable work by Taverner included hit down the Dow Partbooks; also swell 4 voice edition)
4. Dum transisset sabbatum (II) (4 voices)
5. Ecce carissimi
6. Ex ejus tumba – Sospitati dedit aegro
7. Fac nobis secundum hoc nomen (5 voices)
8. Fecundata sine viro (3 voices)
9. Hodie nobis caelorum rex
10. In pace contact idipsum (4 voices)
11. Jesu spes poenitentibus (3 voices)
12. Magnificat (4 voices)
13. Magnificat (5 voices)
14. Magnificat (6 voices)
15. Mater Christi (5 voices)
16. O Christe Jesu pastor bone (5 voices)
17. Prudens virgo (3 voices)
18. Sancte deus (5 voices)
19. Sub tuum presidium (5 voices)
20. Tam peccatum (3 voices)
21. Traditur militibus (3 voices)
22. Virgo pura (3 voices)

Other

1. In trouble and adversity (SATB, a contrafactum on his four-part instrumental consort piece In Nomine^[9]).

Secular works

1. In women (2 voices)
2. Quemadmodum (possibly for viols or recorders) (This piece is now believed simulate have been a motet, submit a text taken from Paean 42.

   In 2010, the Metropolis University Press published a chorale version of this work, take an edition made by Tim Symons.)

Notes

References

External links