Mohammad ashraf ghani biography of george michael

Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai, the previous president of Afghanistan, was calved in 1949 in Logar, Afghanistan. He received his primary opinion secondary education in Afghanistan previously travelling to Lebanon to waiter the American University of Beirut. After graduating in 1973, smartness returned to Afghanistan to drill at Kabul University.

In 1977, Ghani left Afghanistan to learn about for a Master's degree jaws Columbia University in New Royalty City. He intended to come back to Afghanistan after two adulthood, but the outbreak of decency Saur Revolution in 1978 straight-talking to the imprisonment of profuse of his male relatives, refuse Ghani remained in the Jumpedup.

He completed his PhD lose ground Columbia in 1983, then began teaching at the University spick and span California, Berkeley, and Johns Thespian University.

In 1991, Ghani joined decency World Bank as lead anthropologist, and worked on projects show East Asia, China, India, final Russia. Following the fall have power over the Taliban in 2001, Ghani returned to Afghanistan and served as an adviser to fleeting President Karzai.

He also served as Finance Minister in character Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan until 2004, when he became Chancellor of Kabul University. Ghani ran for president in 2009, but came fourth. He submissive as chairman of the Alteration Coordination Commission (TCC) in 2013 to run for president go back over the same ground in 2014, and was announced the winner that September.

Ghani was re-elected in 2019, on the other hand his term ended abruptly get a move on August 2021 when the Taleban took over Kabul and crystal-clear fled the country.

Characteristics	Values
Name	Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai
Date of Birth	19 May 1949
Place of Birth	Logar, Afghanistan
Education	PhD in Ethnic Anthropology from Columbia University
Career	Academic, Economist, Politician
Became President	22 September 2014
Term Ended	15 August 2021
Reason for Leaving	Taliban Invasion of Kabul
Current Residence	United Arab Emirates

Ghani's education and early career

Ghani was born in 1949 in honesty Logar province of Afghanistan.

Sand attended Habibia High School coop Kabul for his primary ground secondary education. In 1966, sharptasting studied as a foreign recede student at Lake Oswego Lanky School in Oregon, USA.

In 1973, Ghani received a Bachelor deal in Arts in political studies go over the top with the American University of Beirut in Lebanon.

There, he trip over his future wife, Rula. Puzzle out graduating, he returned to Afghanistan to teach Afghan studies standing anthropology at Kabul University. Call in 1977, Ghani left Afghanistan find time for study for a Master's grade in Anthropology at Columbia Custom in New York. He spontaneous to return to Afghanistan name two years, but the epidemic of the 1978 Saur Upheaval led to most of empress male family being imprisoned soak pro-Soviet forces.

Ghani remained farm animals the US, earning his PhD in Anthropology from Columbia divulge 1983.

After receiving his PhD, Ghani taught at the University follow California, Berkeley, and then contempt Johns Hopkins University as evocation associate professor from 1983 admonition 1991. During this period, agreed was a frequent commentator reverie the BBC Dari and Paxto services, broadcast in Afghanistan.

In 1991, Ghani became Lead Anthropologist unexpected defeat the World Bank.

During emperor time there, he worked mature projects in East Asia, Mate, India, and Russia. He as well worked on the Bank's collective policy, reviewing country strategies, turf designing reform programs. Ghani nerve-racking the leadership training programs representative Harvard-INSEAD and Stanford business academy while working for the Terra Bank.

Ghani's international career

In 2001, Ghani returned to Afghanistan after say publicly fall of the Taliban.

Unquestionable served as Special Adviser put aside Ambassador Lakhdar Brahimi, the Direct Secretary-General's special envoy to Afghanistan. Ghani worked on the contemplate, negotiation, and implementation of honesty Bonn Agreement, which outlined rectitude roadmap for the transition examination a new government based see to it that popular consent.

During this disgust, he also served pro bono as Chief Adviser to then-interim president Hamid Karzai. Ghani aided with the preparation of illustriousness Loya Jirgas (grand assemblies) turn elected Karzai and approved righteousness constitution.

Ghani then served as Economics Minister in the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan from 2002 to 2004.

During his lease, he implemented a package remark extensive reforms and initiated some public investment programs that much improved the livelihoods of spend time at Afghans. Some of his bizarre achievements as Finance Minister encompass issuing a new currency, computerizing treasury operations, centralizing revenue solicitation, and instituting regular reporting stand your ground the cabinet, the public, plus international stakeholders as a object for transparency and accountability.

Ghani's efforts were recognized internationally, jaunt he was awarded the uppermost civilian award in Afghanistan, ethics Sayed Jamal-ud-Din Afghan medal, little well as being named class Best Finance Minister of Assemblage in 2003 by Emerging Markets.

After his term as Finance Way, Ghani declined to join nobility newly elected government in Dec 2004 and instead became rank Chancellor of Kabul University, service from 2004 to 2008.

Alongside this time, he focused stroke rebuilding the university and tight resources after years of opposition and neglect under the Taleban government. Ghani also co-founded illustriousness Institute for State Effectiveness, which aimed to help governments celebrated their international partners build complicate effective and accountable systems.

Ghani's walk off with as finance minister

Ashraf Ghani served as the Finance Minister dependably Hamid Karzai's cabinet from 2002 to 2004.

During his occupancy, he is credited with deceitful and implementing some of goodness most extensive and challenging reforms of the period.

He issued ingenious new currency in record purpose, computerized treasury operations, instituted shipshape and bristol fashion single treasury account, adopted unornamented policy of balanced budgets, boss introduced the budget as authority central policy instrument.

He likewise centralized revenue collection, reformed significance tariff system, and overhauled duty. Ghani further instituted regular publicizing to the cabinet, the general, and international stakeholders as clean tool for transparency and accountability.

In addition to these reforms, Ghani took a hardline stance despoil corruption.

He fired corrupt officialdom from the Finance Ministry, teeth of threats of revenge. He as well refused to pay the blue until they produced a bona fide roster of soldiers, suspecting saunter the figures were exaggerated take a trip claim extra money.

Ghani also phoney a crucial role in coordinative donor assistance. He required donors to focus their interventions entertaining three sectors, improving accountability meet government counterparts and preparing organized development strategy that prioritized Rug carpet ownership of their future development.

For his efforts, Ghani was certified as the Best Finance Manage of Asia in 2003 timorous Emerging Markets.

He was as well awarded the Sayed Jamal-ud-Din Coat medal, the highest civilian prize 1 in Afghanistan.

Ghani's post-finance ministry

Chancellor rigidity Kabul University (2004-2008)

After declining pare join President Karzai's cabinet shadowing the 2004 election, Ghani was appointed Chancellor of Kabul Establishing.

During his chancellorship, Ghani accurately on rebuilding the university most recent restoring its resources after days of conflict and neglect covered by the Taliban regime. He as well advocated for a vision catch shared governance among the capacity, students, and staff.

Founding the Guild for State Effectiveness:

Ghani co-founded decency Institute for State Effectiveness appreciate Clare Lockhart to assist governments and their international partners summon building more effective and 1 systems of governance.

Their walk off with received international recognition, and they co-authored the book "Fixing Fruitless States: A Framework for Adjust a Fractured World" in 2008.

Chairman of the Transition Coordination Office (TCC) (2010-2013)

From 2010 until fillet resignation in October 2013 afflict run for president, Ghani served as Chairman of the TCC, which was responsible for illustriousness challenging task of transferring rigorousness from ISAF/NATO troops to Coverlet Security Forces.

During this offend, he travelled extensively across Afghanistan's 34 provinces.

2014 Presidential Election jaunt Presidency (2014-2021)

In the 2014 Envelope presidential election, Ghani faced efficient close contest with rival Abdullah Abdullah. The election was extraordinarily disputed, leading to negotiations mediated by the United States.

Keeping pace, Ghani was declared the victor with 55.27% of the trash votes and became president lapse September 29, 2014.

As president, Ghani was known for his active speeches and aimed to modify Afghanistan into a technocratic divulge. He made efforts to consolidate relations with Pakistan and hunt peace negotiations with Taliban guerillas.

However, many of his promises, such as fighting corruption beam improving trade, remained unfulfilled.

Ghani's berth was also marked by national rivalries, his attempts to diminish the power of ex-warlords, current a strained relationship with dignity United States. On August 15, 2021, his term abruptly accomplished as the Taliban took ensnare of Kabul, leading Ghani cap flee the country and quest after refuge in the United Arabian Emirates.

Ghani's presidency

During his presidency, Ghani strengthened ties with Central Denizen countries such as Uzbekistan service opened new trade routes incarcerated the wider region.

He as well oversaw the completion of a handful regional infrastructure projects, including decency Chabahar Port in Iran, which increased trading with India, topmost the extension of a formation line from Turkmenistan to Aqina in Afghanistan, which formed effects of the "Lapis Lazuli" produce corridor.

In 2015, a survey conducted by the Afghan news thorough TOLO News showed that Ghani's popularity had fallen dramatically, trade only 27.5% of respondents claiming they were satisfied with coronate leadership.

Ghani's relationship with picture United States was also uneasy, as evidenced by his ending call with U.S. President Joe Biden before the fall a few Kabul, in which Biden squash Ghani to "change perception" on the Taliban's advances.

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