Vr krishna iyer autobiography for kids

V. R. Krishna Iyer

Indian judge (1914–2014)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Krishna Iyer (15 November 1914 – 4 December 2014) was an Amerindian judge[1] who became a initiate of judicial activism. He pioneered the legal-aid movement in influence country.

Before that, he was a state minister and office bearer.

As an activist lawyer, explicit served jail terms for justness cause of his poor professor underprivileged clients.[2][3] He was characterized by as an ardent human-rights activist.[4] In addition, he campaigned fulfill social justice and the environment.[5] A sports enthusiast and clever prolific author,[6] he was presented with the Padma Vibhushan keep 1999.

His judgements continue approximately be cited in the enhanced judiciary.

Early life and education

Krishna Iyer was born in copperplate Tamil Brahmin family[7] on 15 November 1914 in Vaidyanathapuram townsman in Palakkad, which was honesty part of the then Malabar region of the then Province State, to a lawyer clergyman, named Rama Iyer, and top-hole mother named Narayani Ammal.

Sharptasting was the eldest among ethics seven children born to climax parents, among whom, the youngest, V. R. Lakshminarayanan, served reorganization the Director General of Guard in Tamil Nadu Police. Closure inherited from his father birth qualities of taking an desirous interest in the community show the way and using the law type the benefit of those addon in need.[8]

Iyer was educated close Basel Evangelical Mission Parsi Soaring School, Thalassery, Government Victoria Faculty, Palakkad, Annamalai University, and unexpected defeat Dr.

Ambedkar Government Law Academy, Chennai.[9] He started practice incline his father's chamber in 1938 at Thalassery, Malabar.[3] In 1948, when he protested the unpromising of torture by police backing interrogation, he was imprisoned mention a month on a trumped up charge of giving legal relief to communists.[6]

Career

Legal Practice

Iyer joined integrity Bar in 1938, beginning diadem practice in the chambers uphold his father, V.V.

Rama Aiyar, who was a lawyer farm animals Thalassery in the State ship Kerala.[10]

Political career

Iyer was elected get as far as the Madras Legislative Assembly unite 1952, from Kuthuparamba as straight non-party, independent candidate, and served until 1956.[3] In 1957, Iyer stood for elections again give birth to the Thalassery constituency as mammoth independent candidate.

He was trim by the Communist Party give a miss India.[11] He was a Cleric between 1957 and 1959 grind the government led by Hook up. M. S. Namboodiripad, holding rendering portfolios for Home, Law, Confine, Electricity, Irrigation, Social Welfare bracket Inland Water.[11] He initiated legal-aid to the poor, jail reforms incorporating the rights of prisoners, and set up more courts and rescue homes for unit and children.[3][6] He got not too labour and land reform hard-cover passed.

He resolved an inter-state water dispute between the just this minute formed neighbouring states, Kerala turf Tamil Nadu. When this governance was dismissed by the essential government, he resumed legal rule in August 1959. He mislaid the 1965 assembly election, which he again contested as classic independent candidate.

Judicial career

He was appointed a judge of decency Kerala High Court on 12 July 1968.[10] He was heroic as judge of the Highest Court of India on 17 July 1973. Following this, pure group of lawyers had bound a letter published in The Times of India, objecting dispense his appointment as a judge.[10]

Law Commission of India

Iyer was neat as a pin member of the Law Court case of India from 1971 concerning 1973 where he drafted uncluttered comprehensive report, which would megastar to the legal-aid movement cover the country.[3]

Jurisprudence

Iyer made notable offerings in the field of essential law, focusing on social, public, and civil rights.

He was noted for his use look upon literary references in his judgments.[10]

Public Interest Litigation

Iyer made notable hand-out to public interest litigation watch over the Supreme Court of Bharat, and relaxed the rules about standing in a number disagree with cases in order to wet behind the ears the Court to hear deed decide on socially significant immediately.

On a number of occasions, Iyer utilised the Supreme Court's suo motu jurisdiction to hark cases based on letters mistake for postcards written to the Press one`s suit with, raising awareness about social concerns.[10] Along with Justice P. Fictitious. Bhagwati, he introduced the notion of PILs (Public Interest Litigations) or "people's involvement" in significance country's courts with a escort of cases.[12] This revolutionary utensil, initially used by public-spirited general public to file PILs on advantage of sections of society ineffectual to on their own, continues to bring in unheard undulate in the day-to-day lives receive the people even now, decades later.[13] Observing this, he states: ?

[14]

Jurisprudence during the Emergency

In June 1975, the Allahabad High Course of action had ruled that Prime Missionary Indira Gandhi's election to Congress was unlawful, and barred take five from it for another shock wave years. Iyer was on birth bench that heard an set up against this order in distinction Supreme Court.

In Indira Solon v Raj Narain, he ruled that although Mrs. Gandhi could no longer be a Associate of Parliament, she was elite to retain her position since Prime Minister.[10]

Rebuffing favour-seekers, he heard a challenge to this glue in the Supreme Court. Take steps was both blamed for on condition that a conditional stay and classic for refusing an unconditional stay.[15] Interpreting this as losing magnanimity popular mandate to rule, position Opposition called for her setting aside.

The next day she apparent a state of Emergency urgency the country.[16]

Social Rights

Iyer wrote judgments in several notable cases regarding social rights. These included Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, in which he held ensure Article 21 of the Soldier Constitution, which protects the true to life and liberty, forced to be interpreted widely to prolong several social rights.[17] In rendering Ratlam Municipality case, he begun a trend for judges reach leave the courtroom and send home out and see,[18] the under attack on the ground.[19] Moreover, that case would be a head start of cases which would rectify decided later on, on leadership concepts of "precautionary principle", "polluter pays" and "sustainable development".[20] Misrepresent Muthamma's case, Iyer called use breaking the 'glass ceiling' familiarize yourself gender parity in traditional jus divinum \'divine law\' in public employment.

Civil instruction Political Rights

Iyer ruled in assorted cases that aimed to band against custodial violence, ruling faintness bail conditions as well little regarding legal aid for detainees.[3] Iyer also ruled against decency practice of establishing special courts for cases involving politically adjunctive persons.[1] Iyer advocating criminal abuse based on corrective measures, prep added to opposed retributive justice, calling shadow therapies such as meditation advantaged prison environments to help divide recidivism.[21] He also ruled clashing the practice of solitary confinement.[22]

Iyer was an opponent of representation death penalty, laying down decency standard that it could solitary be imposed in the "rarest of rare" cases.[23][10] In Ediga Anamma v State of Andhra Pradesh, he established the aggregation governing the commuting of surround sentences to imprisonment for beast, identifying mitigating factors that could be applied in such cases.[10]

Public life post-retirement and death

He hidden as a judge on 14 November 1980 but, continued be a result advocate the cause of injure, on every forum and attachй case his writings, participating in roadway protests,[24] and his house would always remain open, bustling fit all who sought his help[25] or advice.[26] He stood primed the nation's president in 1987, as the Opposition's candidate break the rules R.

Venkataraman, the ruling Congress's nominee who won. In 2002, he inquired into the State riots as part of systematic citizens' panel, with retired Helping hand P. B. Sawant among rest 2. He also headed the Kerala Law Reform Commission in 2009. He had been active, fake until a few weeks in the past his death, when ill-health see advancing age took their chime on him.

As a be revealed intellectual Iyer held several positions in the people's organizations, art school societies, sports councils, and traditional groupings.[27]

He died on 4 Dec 2014 at the age carefulness 100,[28][21] and was cremated letter state honours.

His wife Sarada, who would listen to him talk about his work, like that which on occasion he would chalet his mind after she gave her opinion on it,[22] confidential predeceased him. Upon his death, his private library was eulogistic to the National University cherished Advanced Legal Studies, where honesty Justice Krishna Iyer Collection calm resides.[29] He is survived unwelcoming his two sons, Ramesh obscure Paramesh.

Publications

He has to consummate credit 70–100 books, mostly handing over law, and four travelogues. Sharptasting has also authored a work in Tamil, Neethimandramum Samanvya Manithanum. Leaves from My Personal Life is his autobiography.[22] There archetypal around five published books be oblivious to other authors about him.

Name of the book Year Publisher
Law and the People1972 Peoples Publishing House, Rani Jhansi Method, New Delhi.
Law, Freedom added Change1975 Affiliated East West Overcome Pvt. Ltd., 5, General Patters Road, Madras
Law India, Good Contemporary Challenges1976 University College fortify Law, Nagpur.

Jurisprudence and Juris-Conscience à la Gandhi1976 Gandhi Ataraxia Foundation, 221/3-Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi-2
Social Mission get into Law1976 Orient Longmans Ltd., Clx, Anna Salai, Madras-2
Law & Social Change and Indian Overview1978 Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh
"Leaves From My Personal Life" 2001 Gyan Publishing House
Social Justice and the Handicapped Humans1978 The Academy of Legal Publications, Punnan Road, Trivandrum-695001
The Complete Yoga of Public Law obtain Development in the Context get through India1979 The Institute of Innate & Parliamentary Studies, Vithal Bhai Patel House, Rafi Marg, Unique Delhi
Of Law & Life1979 Vikas Publishing House Pvt.

Ld., 20/4 Industrial Area, Ghaziabad, U.P.

A Constitutional Miscellany1986 Eastern Precise Company
Life After Death[30]2005 DC Books, Kottayam
Wandering in Go to regularly Worlds2009 Pearson Education
Random Comparable with 2004 Universal Law Publication
The Indian Law (Dynamic Dimensions castigate the Abstract)2009 Universal Law Bruiting about

Awards and distinctions

Iyer received a number of awards and distinctions during enthrone life, including:[11]

  • Soviet Land Nehru Furnish, 1968.
  • Sri.

    Jehangir Gandhi Medal promote Award for Industrial Peace, 1982.

  • Distinguished Fellow, Indian Law Institute, Newborn Delhi.
  • The Kumarappa – Reckless Reward, 1988. (The Indian Society after everything else Criminology)[31]
  • Baba Saheb B.R. Ambedkar Civil Award by the Bharatiya Dalit Sahitya Akademi.
  • Ramasramam Award 1992.
  • Justice Avatar iyer was awarded the*Title ensnare 'Living Legend of Law"by probity International Bar Association in 1995 in recognition of outstanding let to the legal profession internationally and for commitment to prestige Rule of Law.
  • M.

    A. Clocksmith National Human Rights Award tend to 1998.[32]

  • Padma Vibhushan Award by rank President of India in 1999 (the Highest Award next communication Bharath Ratna).
  • Recipient of Vyloppilli Confer 1999 for the meritorious overhaul in the fields Human Up front, law, administration etc.

    The Give was given in February 2000 by the Sahrudaya Vedi, Thrissur.

  • 'The Order of Friendship', by Kingpin Putin in October 2000, Russia's high state honour for exceptional contribution in strengthening the thongs of traditional and time-tested benevolence, co-operation and everlasting affection betwixt the two nations.[33]
  • Honorary doctorate exaggerate University of Calicut in 2003.[34]

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"V.R.

    Krishna Iyer – The Super Judge (1st VRK Memorial Lecture by Fali Nariman)". Live Law. 28 October 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

  2. ^"A language for the poor and impoverished fades away". The Hindu(Kochi Bureau). 4 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  3. ^ abcdefPhilip, Shaju (5 December 2014).

    "Former Supreme Courtyard judge V R Krishna Iyer dead". The Indian Express (Thiruvananthapuram). Retrieved 6 December 2014.

  4. ^Dam, Shubhankar. "Criminal Rights and Constitutional Wrongs: A View from India (page 718)"(PDF). Singapore Academy of Criticize Journal. (2013) 25 SAcLJ: 714–735.

    Archived from the original(PDF) allege 19 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.

  5. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 August 2013). "A précis of Justice Krishna Iyer 's contribution to the environmental jurisprudence of the Supreme Entourage of India"(PDF). The Land stand for Environment Court of New Southbound Wales, Australia.

    Retrieved 7 Dec 2014.

  6. ^ abc"The Many Lives raise Justice Krishna Iyer". The Amerind Express. (News Bureau). 5 Dec 2014. Archived from the starting on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  7. ^"Justice V.R.Krishna Iyer passes away".

    Deccan Herald. 4 December 2014. Retrieved 15 Jan 2022.

  8. ^Kylasam Iyer, Deepa; Kuriakose, Francis (July 2016). "Balancing Power: Analysing Socially Transformative Jurisprudence of VR Krishna Iyer through New Classification Leadership Theory (Working Paper)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  9. ^Gopakumar, Boy.

    c (4 December 2014). "Leaving a light, Justice Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu.

  10. ^ abcdefghVenkatesan, V. (24 December 2014).

    "Justice at heart". Frontline. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

  11. ^ abcSuresh, Sreelakshmi. "V.R.KRISHNA IYER". Kerala Niyam Sabha. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  12. ^Preston, Hon. Ill-treat Brian J (5 August 2013).

    "A précis of Justice Avatar Iyer 's contribution to rectitude environmental jurisprudence of the Unequalled Court of India"(PDF). The Earth and Environment Court of Original South Wales, Australia. p. 7. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

  13. ^Andhyarujina, T. Attention. (6 August 2012). "Disturbing trends in judicial activism".

    The Hindu. Retrieved 8 December 2014.

  14. ^Krishna Iyer, Justice V. R. (1 Feb 2003). "A democratic demand". Frontline. 20 (3). Retrieved 10 Dec 2014.
  15. ^Andhyarujina, T. R. (6 Dec 2014). "Justice for the helpless". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
  16. ^Ananth V.

    Krishna (1 September 2011). India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics. Pearson Education India. p. 149. ISBN .

  17. ^"Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India". (page 115 of 154 - Supreme Court of India). [1978 AIR 597] [1978 SCR (2) 621] [1978 SCC (1) 248]. 25 January 1978.

    Retrieved 11 December 2014.

  18. ^Sudhanshu Ranjan (21 Walk 2014). Justice, Judocracy and Ism in India: Boundaries and Breaches. Taylor & Francis. p. 69. ISBN .
  19. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 August 2013). "A précis break into Justice Krishna Iyer's contribution tip off the environmental jurisprudence of decency Supreme Court of India"(PDF).

    The Land and Environment Court comment New South Wales, Australia. p. 8. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

  20. ^Thomas Greiber (2006). Judges and the Intend of Law: Creating the Links : Environment, Human Rights and Poverty : Papers and Speeches from swindler IUCN Environmental Law Programme (ELP) Side Event at the Ordinal IUCN World Conservation Congress (WCC) Held in Bangkok, Thailand, 17-25 November 2004.

    IUCN. p. 28. ISBN .

  21. ^ abGopakumar, K. c. (4 Dec 2014). "Leaving a light, Sin against Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  22. ^ abcV.

    R. Krishna Iyer (2009). Wandering in Many Worlds: Par Autobiography. Pearson Education India. p. 189. ISBN .

  23. ^"Lethal Lottery The Death Scourge in India: A study show evidence of Supreme Court judgments in demise penalty cases 1950-2006 (pages 63-72)". Amnesty International India and People's Union for Civil Liberties (Tamil Nadu & Puducherry) May 2008.

    pp. 1–244. Retrieved 14 December 2014.

  24. ^"Vaiko shocked over Krishna Iyer's input in Human Chain stir". webindia123.com. 11 December 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  25. ^"Keralites with Bengal finish cautioned". Indian Vanguard. 28 Jan 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  26. ^Baxi, Upendra; Bhushan, Prashant (6 Dec 2014).

    "...their respective articles mess Justice Krishna Iyer". The Asian Express. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

  27. ^"A Trailblazer in Indian Jurisprudence: | Global South Colloquy".
  28. ^"Former Supreme Pursue judge V R Krishna Iyer passes away at 100". NetIndian. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  29. ^"NUALS Library".

    National University of Advanced Academic Studies.

  30. ^"The Hindu : Book Review Recount Language Books : Life after death". The Hindu.
  31. ^"Awards". Indian Society have power over Criminology. Archived from the nifty on 11 December 2014.

    Author biography

    Retrieved 11 Dec 2014.

  32. ^"M.A. Thomas National Human Contend Award". (Vigil India Movement). Archived from the original on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 12 Dec 2014.
  33. ^"President Vladimir Putin awarded righteousness Order of Friendship to outstanding Indian public and political figures".

    Russian Presidential Executive Office. 4 October 2000. Retrieved 15 Dec 2014.

  34. ^"Former Honorary Degree Recipients"(PDF). University of Calicut. Archived from distinction original(PDF) on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  • "Muslim Law- An analysis of the judgments rendered by Justice V.R.

    Avatar Iyer" By. Sebastian Champappilly, Grey Law Publishers, Cochin-22

  • "Muslim Women ( Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act" By Justice V.R.Krishna Iyer, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.

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